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(Ratibida columnifera ‘Dwarf Red’)

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Dwarf Red Coneflower is a native clump-forming perennial flower that is commonly found growing in prairies, plains, and along roadsides of every state north and south of Utah to Ohio. At maturity, this plant reaches the height of 1-3' and features hairy stems, 6” deeply divided green leaves, and long cylindrical cones that have 4-12 droopy petals that are yellow, deep red, or red with yellow streaks. This plant attracts bees, butterflies, and hummingbirds, it makes a dye, has medicinal uses, and is great as a cut flower!

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  • General Information
  • ​​Soil Preparation
  • Starting Coneflower Seeds
  • Harvesting
  • Storage
  • Seed Saving
  • Culinary
  • Companion Planting
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​Family: Asteraceae

Genus: Ratibida

Species: columnifera

Variety: Dwarf Red Coneflower

Native Range: Alberta, Arizona, Arkansas, British Columbia, Colorado, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Louisiana, Manitoba, Massachusetts, Mexico Central, Mexico Gulf, Mexico Northeast, Mexico Northwest, Minnesota, Missouri, Montana, Nebraska, New Jersey, New Mexico, North Carolina, North Dakota, Oklahoma, Ontario, Saskatchewan, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Utah, Wisconsin, Wyoming

Introduced into: Great Britain, Jawa, New York

Also Known As: Long-head Coneflower, Grey Headed Coneflower, Upright Prairie Coneflower, Red Hats, Thimble flower, Columnar Prairie Coneflower, Mexican Hat

Ease of Growing: Easy

Grown as: Biennial, Perennial

Blooms: Summer

Growing Conditions: dry, well-drained soils, adaptable to most garden conditions and is quite drought-tolerant​

Outdoor Growing Temp: 50°F - 95°F

Min Outdoor Soil Temp: 50°F. There is really no advantage to planting Echinacea in colder soil, so wait until the soil reaches at least 50 ˚F.

Start Indoors: Yes

Start Outdoors: Yes

Light: Full Sun: min. 6 hours daily (Cold, Cool, Warm, Hot). Prefers full sun, but will tolerate light shade.

Water: Low. Dry. Excessively drained. Well drained, soil remains moist for a short period after precipitation. Once established, this plants only needs to be watered during drought or high heat periods. However, it doesn't hurt to give the plants some water every couple weeks, especially if the soil is dry.

Feeder: Moderate. Prefers rich soil.

Suitability: Sunny borders, native plant areas, meadows and prairies. Best grouped or massed because individual plants tend to appear somewhat sparse because of the leaves.​

Small Gardens?: Yes

Containers?: Yes. Plant individual plants in 3 gallon pots or larger, or multiple plants in a narrow planter that is at least 1 1/2' wide. Add gravel to the bottom of the container to encourage draining. Place pots in full sun. Every spring, fertilize your plants and prune back dead flowers and leaves.

Attracts beneficial insects?: Yes. Nectar-Bees, Nectar-Butterflies, Nectar-insects, Seeds-Granivorous birds, Deer​

Forage: Edible to birds

Plant Height: 12-24"

Sow Depth: 1/4"

Spacing: 8-18”

Hardiness Zone: 3a-10b

Produces: hairy stems, 6” deeply divided green leaves, and long cylindrical cones that have 4-12 droopy petals that are yellow, deep red, or red with yellow streaks.

Uses: This wildflower has served as a dye source, and the Cheyenne Indians used the parts of the plant to treat rattlesnake bites! Also used to treat poison ivy!
​Soil Preference:
Soil pH:
5.5-7.5, Ideal 6.5-7.0. Prefers a rich, limey garden soil that drains well. If possible, plant in raised beds for better soil drainage and aeration.

Soil Preparation:
Compost (Nitrogen), 2", 1 time:
Incorporate at least 2" of compost or well aged manure into the top 8" of soil before planting.

​Starting Coneflower Seeds Indoors for Spring

​When starting Coneflower seeds indoors for spring, sow them 1/8" (cool soil) to 1/4" (Warm soil) deep in 2" Soil Blocks 8-10 weeks before the last frost date of your area. The soil temperature required for Coneflower seeds to germinate is between 55°F to 80°F. Try to maintain a soil temp of 65-70°F for the best germination possible. 

Transplanting Coneflower Seedlings Outdoors in Spring

​Transplant your Coneflower seeds outdoors 12-18" apart when your seedlings are 3 to 4" tall and after the last frost date of your area. There is really no advantage to planting this plant in colder soil, so wait until the soil reaches at least 60˚F.  Coneflower will be most productive in a warm sunny spot, but will tolerate light shade as well as a wide range of weather conditions once it is established.

Starting Coneflower Seeds Outdoors in Spring

​When starting Coneflower seeds outdoors in spring, direct sow them 1/8" (cool soil) to 1/4" (Warm soil) deep in 2" Soil Blocks after the last frost date of your area. The soil temperature required for Coneflower seeds to germinate is between 55°F to 80°F. Try to maintain a soil temp of 65-70°F for the best germination possible. There is really no advantage to planting this plant in colder soil, so wait until the soil reaches at least 60 ˚F. Coneflower will be most productive in a warm sunny spot, but will tolerate light shade as well as a wide range of weather conditions once it is established.
Ripening: For best quality, wait until your plants are 3 years old. Roots should experience a couple hard frosts before harvesting. Harvest roots in the fall after the plants have gone to seed. Harvest flowers when they start to open.

When and How:
Flower:
When: Harvest flowers when they begin to open up.
How: Use a sharp knife and cut the plant where the first healthy leaves are growing.

Root:
When: The root is harvested during the dormant period, preferably in the autumn after 2 or 3 years of growth (after the plant has gone to seed).
How: The roots are dug up with a garden fork or shovel, shaken free of dirt, and washed with a pressure hose. Large crowns will need to be hacked apart with a hatchet or machete in order to allow access to dirt and stones lodged at the base of the crown. Roots are pretty stable after washing and may be cold-stored or shipped over a period of several days without molding. However, it makes sense to make the fresh root tincture as soon as possible after washing, which will minimize oxidation.
​Roots: Wash roots thoroughly and pat dry. Cut pieces larger than 1" into smaller pieces to avoid mold growth during drying. Hang root pieces or lay on a screen away from direct sunlight. When completely dry, store in a tightly covered glass jar. Store in in cool, dark place for up to 1 year.

Storage Req: Cool, Dry 
Storage Temp: 50-65°F 
Storage Length: 180-360 days

Flowers: Lay cut tops on a screen, or hang upside down in a dark place. Make sure they aren't so dense that air cannot circulate through them. When completely dry (crumbles when touched), store in a glass jar with tight fitting lids in a cool, dry place for up to 1 year.

Storage Req: Cool, Dry 
Storage Temp: °F 
Storage Length: 180-360 days
Allow seedheads to dry on plants; remove and collect seeds.

Seed Viability in Years: 5-8 Years
Germination Percentage:
 80%
Use Food: Beverage tea from leaves.
Peonies, monarda, digitalis, delphinium, scabiosa, campanula, dianthus, and hardy geranium make nice companions.

Suggested Varieties

(Monarda citriodora ‘Lemon’)

Lemon Bee Balm is a native annual herb that is commonly found growing in sandy/rocky prairies or along roadsides throughout the southern United States. At maturity, this plant reaches the height of 24-36” and features square like stem, narrow 2” lance shaped leaves, and globular clusters of two-lipped flowers that are light pink to white. This plant can be grown in a container, attracts bees, butterflies, and hummingbirds, tolerates drought, makes insecticides, is resistant to deer, is both edible and medicinal, and is great as a cut flower!

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(Monarda didyma 'Scarlet')

Scarlet Bee Balm is a native annual herb that is commonly found growing in moist woods, and along streams and rivers throughout the eastern United States. At maturity, this plant reaches the height of 24-48” and features square like stems, 3-6” lance shaped, medium green leaves, and globular clusters of two-lipped aromatic flowers that are scarlet red. This plant can be grown in a container, attracts bees, butterflies, hummingbirds, and pollinating moths, is resistant to deer and rabbit, is both edible and medicinal, and is great as a cut flower!

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(Monarda punctata ‘Spotted’)

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Spotted Bee Balm is a native clump-forming biennial herb that is commonly found growing in dry soils of prairies, and in sandy plains throughout the Midwest, southern, and eastern United States. At maturity, this plant reaches the height of 12-24” and features 1-2' branching stems, 3” oblong, teethed, medium green leaves, showy pink bracts, and small, pale yellow flowers that are spotted with purple. This plant attracts bees, butterflies, and hummingbirds, tolerates drought, is resistant to deer, is both edible and medicinal, self sows, and is great as a cut flower!

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(Digitalis purpurea ‘Foxglove’)

Foxglove is a biennial/short lived perennial flower that is native to eastern Europe but can be commonly found growing in open woods, woodland clearings, moorland and heath margins, sea-cliffs, rocky mountain slopes and hedge banks throughout the northeastern and northwestern United States. At maturity, this plant features thick, textured leaves at the base and tall spikes of tubular, dangling 2-3” blossoms of rose pink or purple with tiny contrasting spots. This plant attracts bees, butterflies, and hummingbirds, is resistant to deer and rabbits, and is great as a cut flower! 

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(Delphinium ajacis ‘Rocket Mix’)

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Rocket Larkspur is a cool weather annual flower that is native to Eurasia but can be commonly found growing in open disturbed areas and along roadways, railroads, and drainage ditches throughout most of the United States. At maturity, this plant reaches the height of 36-48” and features finely cut, delicate foliage and tall spikes of semi-double blossoms in varied shades of pink, white, purple and blue. This plant can be grown in a container, attracts bees, butterflies, and hummingbirds, resistant to deer, can be used as a trap crop for Japanese beetles, and is great as a cut flower! 

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(P. somniferum var. paeoniflorum ‘Antique’)

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Antique Peony Poppy is an annual flower that is native to the Mediterranean region but can be found growing throughout the northeastern and southwestern United States. At maturity, this plant reaches the height of 2-3' and features blue-green foliage and large 4” rose like white flowers that are striped in pink and red. This plant can be grown in a container, attracts bees, birds, and butterflies, self sows, and is great as a cut flower. 

 
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(P. somniferum var. paeoniflorum ‘Black’)

Black Peony Poppy is an annual flower that is native to the Mediterranean region but can be found growing throughout the northeastern and southwestern United States. At maturity, this plant reaches the height of 2-3' and features blue-green foliage and large 4” rose like dark maroon flowers. This plant can be grown in a container, attracts bees, birds, and butterflies, self sows, and is great as a cut flower. 

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(P. somniferum var. paeoniflorum ‘Cream’)

Cream Peony Poppy is an annual flower that is native to the Mediterranean region but can be found growing throughout the northeastern and southwestern United States. At maturity, this plant reaches the height of 2-3' and features blue-green foliage and large 4” rose like creamy white flowers. This plant can be grown in a container, attracts bees, birds, and butterflies, self sows, and is great as a cut flower. 

 
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(P. somniferum var. paeoniflorum ‘Double Mix’)

Only a few left!

Peony Poppy Double Mix is an annual flower that is native to the Mediterranean region but can be found growing throughout the northeastern and southwestern United States. At maturity, this plant reaches the height of 2-3' and features blue-green foliage and large 4” rose like flowers that range in color. This plant can be grown in a container, attracts bees, birds, and butterflies, self sows, and is great as a cut flower. 

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(P. somniferum var. paeoniflorum ‘Pale Rose’)

Pale Rose Peony Poppy is an annual flower that is native to the Mediterranean region but can be found growing throughout the northeastern and southwestern United States. At maturity, this plant reaches the height of 2-3' and features blue-green foliage and large 4” rose like light pink flowers. This plant can be grown in a container, attracts bees, birds, and butterflies, self sows, and is great as a cut flower. 

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(P. Somniferum Paeoniflorum ‘Purple’)

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Purple Peony Poppy is an annual flower that is native to the Mediterranean region but can be found growing throughout the northeastern and southwestern United States. At maturity, this plant reaches the height of 2-3' and features blue-green foliage and large 4” rose like purple grape colored flowers. This plant can be grown in a container, attracts bees, birds, and butterflies, self sows, and is great as a cut flower. 


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(P. somniferum var. paeoniflorum ‘Red’)

Red Peony Poppy is an annual flower that is native to the Mediterranean region but can be found growing throughout the northeastern and southwestern United States. At maturity, this plant reaches the height of 2-3' and features blue-green foliage and large 4” rose like red flowers. This plant can be grown in a container, attracts bees, birds, and butterflies, self sows, and is great as a cut flower.

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      • Blanket Flower
      • Blazing Star
      • Boneset
      • Burning Bush
      • Calendula
      • Camass
      • Canterbury Bells
      • Cardinal Flower
      • Castor Bean
      • Catchfly
      • Celosia
      • China Asters
      • Chinese Houses
      • Clarkia
      • Clover
      • Coleus
      • Columbine
      • Compass Plant
      • Coneflower
      • Coral Bells
      • Cornflower
      • Cosmos
      • Dahlia
      • Daisy
      • Dame's Rocket
      • Dusty Miller
      • False Goats Beard
      • Four O'Clocks
      • Foxglove
      • Gas Plant
      • Gazania
      • Gilia
      • Hibiscus
      • Hollyhock
      • Ice Plant
      • Iris
      • Irish Moss
      • Joe Pye Weed
      • Lacy Phacelia
      • Lamb's Ear
      • Larkspur
      • Lupine
      • Marigold
      • Milkweed
      • Moonwort
      • Morning Glory
      • Moss Rose
      • Nasturtiums
      • Nemophila
      • Obedient Plant
      • Pansy
      • Penstemon
      • Petunia
      • Pheasant's Eye
      • Pink Nodding Onion
      • Poached Egg Plant
      • Polka Dot Plant
      • Poppy
      • Poppy Mallow
      • Purple Rock Cress
      • Queen of the Prairie
      • Red Hot Poker
      • Rose of Heaven
      • Sedum
      • Snapdragon
      • Spider Plant
      • Spiderwort
      • Strawflower
      • Sunflower
      • Sweet Williams
      • Tobacco
      • Winged Everlasting
      • Zinnia
    • Our Fruits Seeds >
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      • Angelica
      • Anise
      • Balm: Lemon
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      • Caraway
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      • Chamomile
      • Chervil
      • Chia
      • Chives
      • Coriander
      • Cress
      • Cumin
      • Dill
      • Fennel
      • Fenugreek
      • Heal All
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      • Lavender
      • Lemongrass
      • Lovage
      • Marjoram
      • Mint
      • Monkshood
      • Motherwort
      • Oregano
      • Peppercorn
      • Rosemary
      • Sage
      • Savory
      • Skullcap
      • Sorrel
      • St. John's Wort
      • Tarragon
      • Thyme
      • Toothache Plant
      • Valerian
      • Yarrow
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      • Leeks
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      • Mustard
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      • Onions
      • Parsley
      • Peas
      • Peppers
      • Pumpkin
      • Radish
      • Rhubarb
      • Salsify
      • Spinach
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      • Swiss Chard
      • Tomatillo
      • Tomato
      • Turnips
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  • Get More, Here's How
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